Linux supports a variety of UART (Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter) peripherals, which are essential for serial communication tasks. Some common UART peripherals supported by Linux include:
1. Standard UART (8250/16550): These are the most basic UART controllers found in many embedded systems and PC motherboards. Linux provides native support for these UART controllers through the 8250 and 16550 serial drivers.
2. Universal PCI/PCIe UART: These UART controllers are integrated into PCI or PCIe expansion cards and provide additional serial ports to the system. Linux includes drivers for various UART chips commonly used in PCI/PCIe UART cards.
3. USB UART: USB UART adapters are popular for adding serial connectivity to systems that lack native serial ports. Linux supports a wide range of USB UART chips, and generic USB serial drivers (such as the "usbserial" driver) can be used to interface with these devices.
4. ARM SoC UART: Many ARM-based System-on-Chip (SoC) platforms include UART controllers as part of their peripheral set. Linux provides platform-specific drivers for UART controllers integrated into ARM SoCs from vendors like Qualcomm, Broadcom, Allwinner, and others.
5. FPGA UART: Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) designs often include UART modules for serial communication. Linux can be configured to interface with FPGA UARTs through appropriate device tree entries and platform-specific drivers.
6. Virtual UART: Virtual UART devices, such as those provided by virtualization platforms like QEMU or VirtualBox, emulate UART functionality for virtual machines. Linux includes drivers to interface with these virtual UART devices.
These are just a few examples of the Linux UART peripherals supported by the kernel. Depending on the hardware platform and configuration, additional UART controllers may be supported by Linux through platform-specific drivers or generic serial drivers.
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